A kind of active protection multi-stage energy absorption device and energy absorption method and process

1. The present invention relates to an active protection multi-stage energy absorption device and an energy absorption method, which belong to the technical field of vehicle energy absorption.

Background technique:

2. With the increasing speed of trains, more and more attention is paid to the collision safety of trains. The high kinetic energy brought by high speed will be converted into low kinetic energy, internal energy and frictional energy when the train collides, and the train absorbs too much internal energy, which will lead to deformation and damage of the car body, affecting the safety of the occupants in the car. Therefore, energy-absorbing devices such as couplers and anti-climbing devices are usually installed at the vehicle end to absorb most of the collision kinetic energy, thereby reducing the absorption of the internal energy of the vehicle.

3. The energy absorption of the energy absorption device is related to the force and the stroke, so the longer the structure energy absorption stroke, the greater the energy absorption. However, in order not to affect the normal coupling and other functions of the coupler, the anti-climbing device usually participates in energy absorption after the coupler absorbs energy. Therefore, the front end of the anti-climbing device in the current solution is located behind the front end of the coupler, which limits the energy-absorbing stroke of the anti-climbing device. , the energy absorption is limited.

4. Chinese Invention Patent Application Publication Nos. cn105292164a and cn113799841a both provide an energy-absorbing part that can pop out a certain stroke before the collision when the anti-climber is located behind the coupler under normal operation, so that the front end of the anti-climber exceeds the front end of the coupler. It breaks through the limitations of the installation and deformation space of the energy-absorbing device at the front end of the car body, and the anti-climbing device begins to absorb part of the energy before the coupler absorbs energy, which is used to improve the collision safety performance of the vehicle. However, both schemes have the following disadvantages:

5.1. After the anti-climbing device compresses a stroke, the couplers of the two trains will come into contact, and the coupler and the anti-climbing device will absorb energy at the same time, resulting in excessive interface force of the car body, exceeding the strength limit of the car body, and causing permanent damage.

6.2. Whether it is a high-speed or low-speed collision, once the energy-absorbing part acts and absorbs energy. The entire anti-climbing device needs to be completely replaced, which is economical and maintainable.

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