Why does the spindle of the CNC machining center fail

The spindle is the power assist device of the cnc machining center. The spindle drives the workpiece to rotate and is used to process the rotating workpiece. The spindle is an important guarantee for the high-speed and high-precision machining of the CNC machining center, so the maintenance methods and skills of the machine tool spindle failure are the basic knowledge that the CNC machining center operators and maintenance personnel must master. When operating a cnc machining center, the spindle will inevitably have some failures. What are the specific reasons?

Different types of CNC machining centers use different types of spindles. According to the transmission system, the spindle system can be divided into a main transmission main shaft with a variable speed gear, a main transmission main shaft through a belt transmission, and a dual motor driving the main shaft and the motor and the main shaft. Integrated spindle. No matter what type of spindle application, the common faults in use are as follows:

1. Overload.

Causes of failure: excessive cutting, frequent forward and reverse rotation, spindle motor failure, spindle drive device failure.

2. The spindle does not rotate

Causes of failure: spindle drive device failure, CNC device can not output speed signal, spindle motor failure, spindle drive device failure, transmission belt break.

3. The spindle speed deviates from the command value

The cause of the fault: the motor is overloaded, the spindle speed command output from the numerical control system is faulty, the speed measuring device is faulty or the speed feedback signal is broken.

4. Abnormal noise and vibration of the spindle

cnc machining parts

Cause of failure: Generally, it occurs during the deceleration process. There is a problem with the spindle drive device, such as a failure of the regeneration circuit in the AC drive.

The abnormal noise of the spindle in the cnc machining center is something that most operators will encounter. Knowing the cause of the failure, what measures should we take to solve it?

When the machining center is in use, customers often find that the spindle will have abnormal noise after using belt transmission for a long time. There will be noise after switching forward and reverse. According to years of assembly experience, most of them are belts. The belt tension between the servo motor and the main shaft is too tight, which causes the belt to slip, and the main shaft will make an abnormal noise.

Another situation is that the tension of the belt connected to the servo motor is not enough, so that the motor belt is too loose, which can be seen intuitively. When the machining center is used for heavy chips, it will slip and make abnormal noises. After the machining center has been used for a long time, the belt will wear out, which is also part of the reason for the abnormal noise.

After the abnormal noise of the spindle of the cnc machining center occurs, some customers who are more economical will choose to replace the transmission wallet. After the replacement, the belt transmission gear and the gear of the motor and the spindle do not match, and it can be used properly, but there will be a big problem during use. Abnormal noises seriously cause wear and damage to the gears of the servo motor and spindle. It is recommended to observe whether the belt model purchased is the same as the replacement belt model when replacing it.