Why does the spindle of the cnc machining center fail? The reason for the abnormal noise of the spindle of the cnc machining center

The shaft is a power assisting device of the cnc machining center, and the main shaft drives the workpiece to rotate to process the workpiece of the rotating body. The spindle is an important guarantee for high-speed and high-precision machining of the cnc machining center, so the maintenance methods and skills of the machine tool spindle failure are the basic knowledge that the cnc machining center operators and maintenance personnel must master. When operating the cnc machining center, some failures will inevitably occur on the spindle. What are the specific causes?

Different types of cnc machining centers use different types of spindles. The spindle system can be divided into main transmission spindles with variable speed gears, main transmission spindles driven by belts, dual motors to drive the spindles, and the motors and spindles according to the transmission system. Integrated spindle. Regardless of the type of spindle application, the common failures in use are as follows:

1. Overload.

Causes of failure: excessive cutting amount, frequent forward and reverse rotation, failure of spindle motor, failure of spindle drive.

2. The spindle does not rotate

Causes of failure: failure of the spindle drive, failure of the numerical control device to output speed signals, failure of the spindle motor, failure of the spindle drive, and breakage of the transmission belt.

3. The spindle speed deviates from the command value

Causes of failure: motor overload, spindle speed command output from the CNC system is faulty, the speed measuring device is faulty or the speed feedback signal is broken.

4. Abnormal noise and vibration of the spindle

CNC machining parts

Cause of failure: Generally occurs during deceleration, and there is a problem with the spindle drive device, such as the failure of the regenerative circuit in the AC drive.

The abnormal noise of the spindle in the cnc machining center is something that most operators will encounter. What is the cause of the failure, what should we do to solve it?

When the machining center is used, there will often be customers who find that the spindle uses belt transmission for a long time, and there will be abnormal noises. There will be noises when switching between forward transmission and reverse rotation. According to years of assembly experience, most of them are belts. Problem, the tension of the belt at the connection between the servo motor and the spindle is too tight, which causes the belt to slip, and the spindle will make an abnormal noise.

Another situation is that the tension of the belt connected to the servo motor is not enough, so that the belt of the motor appears too loose and can be seen intuitively. When using the machining center to cut heavy chips, there will be a slip phenomenon and an abnormal noise will be emitted. After the machining center is used for a long time, the belt will wear out, which is also part of the reason for the abnormal noise.

After the abnormal noise of the spindle of the cnc machining center occurs, some customers who save some will choose to replace the transmission wallet. After the replacement, the gear shape of the belt transmission gear and the motor and the spindle do not match. It can also be used but there will be a lot during use. Abnormal noises seriously damage the gears of the servo motor and main shaft. It is recommended to observe whether the purchased belt is the same as the replacement belt type when replacing.