The surface roughness of automated parts is mainly affected by geometric factors

　　(1) Geometric factors

　　 From a geometric point of view, the shape and geometric angle of the tool, especially the radius of the tip arc, the main deflection angle, the secondary deflection angle and the feed in the cutting amount have a greater impact on the surface roughness.

　　(2) Physical factors

　　Considering the physical essence of the cutting process, the rounded corners of the cutting tool and the subsequent extrusion and friction cause plastic deformation of the metal material, which seriously deteriorates the surface roughness. When processing plastic materials on a CNC lathe to form band-shaped chips, a built-up edge with high hardness is easy to form on the rake face. It can replace the rake face and cutting edge for cutting, so that the geometrical angle of the tool and the amount of back cutting can be changed. The contour of the built-up edge is very irregular, so that the surface of the workpiece appears on the surface of the workpiece with constantly changing depth and width. Some built-up tumors are embedded in the surface of the workpiece, which increases the surface roughness. Vibration during cutting increases the surface roughness parameter value of the workpiece.

　　(3) Process factors

　　 Considering its influence on the surface roughness of hardware parts from the perspective of technology, there are mainly factors related to cutting tools, factors related to workpiece material, and factors related to CNC machining conditions.