The core component of industrial robot: precision reducer
Jan 12, 2021
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The advanced level of today's industrial robots is amazing, especially those smart 5-axis 6-axis robots, which have so many joints, can also achieve precise transmission of motion and instructions, and work closely together to complete complex tasks. And this has to be attributed to the most important basic component of industrial robots, and also the core component of motion: precision reducers.
The precision reducer is a precision power transmission mechanism. It uses a gear speed converter to decelerate the number of revolutions of the motor to the required number of revolutions and obtain a larger torque device, thereby reducing the speed and increasing the torque.
At present, there are mainly two types of reducers used in the field of robotics, one is RV reducer, and the other is harmonic reducer. In the articulated robot, because the RV reducer has higher rigidity and rotation accuracy, the RV reducer is generally placed on the base, boom, shoulder and other heavy loads, and the harmonic reducer is placed on the forearm , Wrist or hand.
▲Internal structure of RV reducer
▲Internal structure of harmonic reducer
At present, there are not many companies in the world that can provide large-scale and reliable precision reducers, and most of the market shares are occupied by Japanese companies. Especially in the field of robotics, the proportion of applications is overwhelming.
As a pinnacle of the precision machinery industry, the technical threshold of the reducer is very high. The reducer is entirely composed of high-precision components, gears mesh with each other, and it is necessary for material science, precision processing equipment, processing accuracy, assembly technology, and high precision. Testing technology puts forward extremely high requirements.
In recent years, as the market for industrial and life assistance robots continues to expand, the demand for high-precision small modulus gears in precision reducers used in robot joints has also increased sharply.