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1. CNC lathe tool compensation

　　 CNC lathe tool compensation function includes two aspects: tool orientation compensation and tool radius compensation. Use T function to specify in the machining program, the first two XX in TXXXX are tool numbers, and the last two XX are tool compensation numbers, such as T0202. If the tool compensation number is 00, it indicates that the tool compensation is cancelled.

(1) Tool orientation compensation tool wear or tool orientation changes caused by re-installation of the tool, Dongguan large CNC machinery processing plant, Guangzhou boring processing plant, Shenzhen large frame welding, grinding processing plant, large gantry milling machine processing, large CNC gantry milling machine Processing, large-scale computer gong machinery processing plant, boring processing plant, q345 seamless pipe plant, q235 steel plate plant, aluminum-magnesium-manganese plate processing, a3 cold rolled plate processing, 45 steel processing machinery processing plant, Dongguan machinery, Dongguan machinery processing After the factory is established and the tool orientation compensation is performed, its processing program does not need to be compiled from scratch. The method is to measure the orientation of each tool and input it into the designated memory. After the program executes the tool compensation command, the actual orientation of the tool replaces the original orientation.

If there is no tool compensation, the tool moves from point 0 to point 1, and the corresponding program segment is N60G00C45X93T0200. If the tool compensation is X=+3, Z=+4, and it is stored in the corresponding compensation memory, the tool will Point 0 moves to point 2 instead of point 1, and the corresponding block is N60G00X45Z93T0202.

(2) Tool arc radius compensation When compiling a CNC lathe processing program, the turning tool tip is regarded as a point (imagine point P), but in practice, in order to improve the service life of the tool and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece, turning The tool tip is ground into a circular arc with a small radius (tool tip AB arc), as shown in Figure 3, which will inevitably cause a shape error of the processed workpiece. On the other hand, the position of the tool tip arc and the shape of the turning tool will also affect the processing of the workpiece, and these can be solved by tool arc radius compensation.

(3) Tool compensation parameters. Each tool compensation number corresponds to tool orientation compensation (X and Z values). Mechanical processing plant, Dongguan large CNC mechanical processing plant, Guangzhou boring processing plant, Shenzhen large rack welding, grinding processing plant, large gantry Milling machine processing, large CNC gantry milling machine processing, large computer gong machinery processing plant, boring processing plant, q345 seamless pipe plant, q235 steel plate plant, aluminum magnesium manganese plate processing, a3 cold rolled plate processing, 45 steel processing Dongguan machinery, Dongguan mechanical processing plant and tool arc radius compensation (R and T values) have a total of 4 parameters, which are input to the corresponding memory before processing. In the process of active execution, the numerical control system actively corrects the position error of the tool and actively compensates the radius of the tool nose according to the values of X, Z, R, and T in the memory.

　　 2. Machining center, CNC milling machine tool compensation

　　 The CNC system of machining center and CNC milling machine, the tool compensation function includes tool compensation functions such as tool radius compensation, included angle compensation and length compensation.

　　 (1) Tool radius compensation (G41, G42, G40) The radius value of the tool is pre-stored in the memory HXX, and XX is the memory number. After performing the tool radius compensation, the CNC system actively calculates and makes the tool actively compensate according to the calculation result. Tool radius left compensation (G41) means that the tool deviates to the left of the programmed machining track movement direction, and tool radius right compensation (G42) refers to the tool deviates to the right of the programmed machining track movement direction. G40 is used to cancel tool radius compensation, and H00 can also be used to cancel tool radius compensation.

Attention should be paid in application: when setting up and canceling tool compensation, that is, it is necessary to use G00 or G01 command in the block that uses G41, G42, G40 command, and G02 or G03 must not be used. When the tool radius compensation takes a negative value, G41 and G42 Function interchange.

　　 Tool radius compensation has two compensation methods: B function and C function. Because the tool radius compensation of function B only calculates the tool compensation according to this program, it cannot solve the transition problem between the program segments. It is required to process the contour of the workpiece into a round transition, so the workmanship at the sharp corner of the workpiece is not good. The tool radius of the C function Compensation can actively process the transfer of the tool center track between the two program segments, and can be programmed completely in accordance with the contour of the workpiece. Therefore, most modern CNC machine tools use C function tool radius compensation. At this time, it is required to establish the tool radius compensation program segment. The following two program segments must have a displacement command (G00, G01, G02, G03, etc.) specifying the compensation plane, otherwise the correct tool compensation cannot be established.