Common materials and instructions for CNC precision machining?

Processing of metal materials. Processing of non-metallic materials (such as ceramics, plastics, etc.)

Hardness from large to small: stainless steel>cast iron>copper>aluminum

Say several commonly used, I hope it is useful to you:

1.45——High-quality carbon structural steel is the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel.

Main features: The most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel, which has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability, and is prone to cracks during water quenching. Small pieces should be tempered, and large pieces should be normalized.

Application examples: Mainly used to manufacture high-strength moving parts, such as turbine impellers and compressor pistons. Shafts, gears, racks, worms, etc. Pay attention to the preheating of welded parts before welding, and stress relief annealing after welding.

2. Q235A (A3 steel)-the most commonly used carbon structural steel.

Main features: High plasticity, toughness and welding performance, cold stamping performance, and certain strength and good cold bending performance.

Application examples: Widely used for parts and welding structures with general requirements. Such as low-tension tie rods, connecting rods, pins, shafts, screws, nuts, ferrules, brackets, machine bases, building structures, bridges, etc.

3. 40Cr-one of the most widely used steel types, belonging to alloy structural steel.

CNC precision machining

Main features: After quenching and tempering, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength can be obtained when oil cooling, and parts with complex shapes are easy to water cooling Cracking occurs, the cold bending plasticity is medium, the cutting workability after tempering or tempering is good, but the weldability is not good, and cracks are easy to occur. It should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 ℃ before welding. It is generally used in the tempered state. Carry out carbonitriding and high frequency surface quenching treatment.

Application example: After quenching and tempering, it is used to manufacture medium-speed and medium-load parts, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worms, spline shafts, thimble sleeves, etc. After quenching and tempering and high-frequency surface quenching, it is used to produce high-hardness and resistant surfaces. Grinding parts, such as gears, shafts, main shafts, crankshafts, mandrels, sleeves, pins, connecting rods, screws and nuts, intake valves, etc., are used to manufacture heavy-duty and medium-speed impact after quenching and tempering at medium temperature Parts, such as oil pump rotors, sliders, gears, main shafts, sleeves, etc., are used to manufacture heavy-duty, low-impact, wear-resistant parts such as worms, main shafts, shafts, sleeves, etc. after quenching and low temperature tempering Nitrogen percolation is to produce large-size transmission parts with high temperature impact toughness, such as shafts and gears.

4. HT150-gray cast iron

Application examples: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, belt wheel, bearing cover, etc.

5.35——Common materials for various standard parts and fasteners

Main features: Appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, and acceptable weldability. Under cold conditions, it can be partially upset and drawn. Low hardenability, use after normalizing or tempering

Application examples: Suitable for the manufacture of small-section parts and parts that can bear large loads: such as crankshafts, levers, connecting rods, shackles, etc., various standard parts, fasteners

6, 65Mn-commonly used spring steel

Application examples: various flat, round springs, cushion springs, spring springs of small sizes, can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch reeds, brake springs, cold coiled coil springs, snap springs, etc.

7, 0Cr18Ni9-commonly used stainless steel (US steel number 304, Japanese steel number SUS304)

Features and applications: As the most widely used stainless steel, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, originally from industrial equipment

8. Cr12——Commonly used cold work die steel (American Steel No. D3, Japanese Steel No. SKD1)

Features and applications: Cr12 steel is a widely used cold work die steel, which is a high carbon and high chromium type of laisenite steel. The steel has good hardenability and good wear resistance; because the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, brittle cracking, and uneven eutectic carbides are easily formed;

Because Cr12 steel has good wear resistance, it is mostly used to manufacture punches, dies, drills, drills and drills for cold wear dies, punches, blanking dies, cold heading dies, cold extrusion dies, which require low wear resistance under low impact load. Sets, gauges, drawing dies, stamping dies, thread rolling plates, drawing dies, and cold press dies for powder metallurgy, etc.

9, DC53-commonly used cold work die steel imported from Japan

Features and applications: High strength and toughness cold work die steel, Japan Datong Special Steel Co., Ltd. steel number. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness, and good linear cutting. 9 Used for precision cold stamping dies, drawing dies, thread rolling dies, cold punching dies, punches, etc.

10. SM45——Ordinary carbon plastic mold steel (Japanese steel number S45C)